How Climate Shifts Shaped Human Innovation: A Case Study of the Sahara’s Transformation
Introduction: The Climate-Innovation Nexus 1.1 Climate shifts have long acted as powerful catalysts for human adaptation, forcing societies to rethink survival strategies. From the drying of once-fertile valleys to the retreat of ice sheets, environmental pressures ignite cycles of innovation that reshape tools, settlement patterns, and social structures. Today, the Sahara—once a verdant mosaic of…